TO ADD: Kulkarni 2018

 Kulkarni (2018) round table of experts to discuss the challenges and opportunities of digital accessibility.

Kulkarni (2018) Even though accessibility may have been originated to facilitate a particular sub-group of people, it is important to view accessibility as beneficial for everyone, not just a sub-group.

Kulkarni (2018) The authoring tool accessibility guidelines (ATAG) provide recommendations for making accessible authoring tools such as content creation software, and this takes its lead from WCAG.

Kulkarni (2018) The user agent accessibility guidelines (UAAG) are for the evaluation of user agent technologies such as web browsers, media players, document viewers and assistive technologies. All of these help to ensure all digital products are usable by those with disabilities, but also offer guidance for those procuring systems.

Kulkarni (2018) The perception of lower profits, cost and time to make content accessible may dampen overall efforts and progress (Goggin and Newell, 2007; Neufeldt et al, 2007).

Kulkarni (2018) The extent to which organisations or multiple stakeholders share common ground and mindsets with regard to digital accessibility agendas encounters dualism such as ‘profit versus human rights, market share versus accessibility, competition versus inclusion’ (Stienstra et al, 2007, p.149).

Kulkarni (2018) Accessibility is seen as a ‘reactive’ process in that it is often not taken into account, or thought of at the end of a design and development process.

Kulkarni (2018) Perceived cost poses a barrier in that it is assumed that products and services crafted for those with disabilities are expensive to make and difficult to afford and develop for those with budget limits (Dobransky and Hargittai, 2006; Stienstra, 2007).

Kulkarni (2018) The WCAG guidelines are perceived as complex.

Kulkarni (2018) based on assumptions and perceptions organisations maybe reluctant to focus on and invest in accessibility for just a small set of stakeholders. Yet when the stakeholder group is pitched as a large one where all people benefit there is a better and stronger business case for accessibility (p.94).

Kulkarni (2018) Working with other stakeholders across an organisation and looking for relatively simple ways of ensuring that accessibility is part of various stakeholders vocabulary and repertoire.

Kulkarni (2018) Work with stakeholders and students to collaborate and build more innovative and accessible products.

Kulkarni (2018) The first and foremost thing needed is the right mindset and see that digital products must be used by everybody, not just a section of people as a minority target audience.

Kulkarni (2018) A lot of products are inaccessible but developers cannot go back and start again from scratch to make them accessible, it’s this issue of fixing at the end that makes accessibility time consuming and complex.

Kulkarni (2018) the education system should teach students the fundamental concepts and develop the ability to think from perspectives across all users. They should be taught the basics of standards, usability and accessibility. If corporates, non-profits and education worked together to think of accessibility this way then we can build a more inclusive world (p.97).

Kulkarni (2018) Digital accessibility and digital literacy must go hand in hand.

Kulkarni (2018) Education for accessibility is key if inclusion is a goal in the future.

Kulkarni (2018) Accessibility is not currently part of the curriculum.

Stienstra et al (2007) argued that it is possible to create a common ground between the needs of the disability advocacy organisations and the IT industry by three sets of tools that comprise of regulations, standards for developing products and the use of education to increase awareness and the strength market of people with disabilities.

Stienstra et al (2007) Prior to the regulations being introduced many only used the W3C guidelines voluntarily but only if they were aware or willing. There was no legal coverage of the digital and online environments in terms of accessibility. It meant that before progress in the law that disability rights and IT rights were not created together as one legal framework.

Stienstra et al (2007) People with disabilities as the market for technologies means that they can work with developers to ‘work the bugs out’. There are many organisations, research groups and standards organisations and consultants that can facilitate this key educating communication.

Stienstra et al (2007) Guidelines set the minimum bar and if they are not referred to in legislation they are unlikely to impact towards making accessible products.

Stienstra et al (2007) The government plays an important role as regulator, but also the implementer of human rights legislation.



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