Morgan book 2014

 P.7 inquiry is an explicit attempt to produce new knowledge by taking actions and explaining the results 

The products of inquiry are ‘warranted beliefs’ about actions and their likely consequences 

P.8 Mixed methods researchers follow a pragmatic path by consistently asking ‘what difference would it make to do the research one way rather than another’ Pragmatism could be considered a ‘paradigm of choices’

P.12 Sequencing- methods are used in a specific order that the supplementary method is either an input to, or follow up on’ the core method.

The place of the supplementary method within the sequence depends on whether the core method is more likely to benefit from a preliminary input or follow up extension.

Follow up methods may benefit from further supplementary actions, e.g. if you produced unexpected results from a survey, you could explore the sources of those results through in-depth interviews 

P.17 the preliminary use of a small quantitative study can provide important resources for targeting the most productive or theoretically relevant sources for the qualitative data

P.18 The consequences of any action depend on the context or situation in which it occurs. Instead of universal truths, pragmatists emphasise warranted beliefs 

The situational nature of action also means that its consequences can change as situations change.

P.31 in pragmatism after reflecting on a problem to plan a research design, you have developed a belief that this action will solve the problem. The nature of this belief may change considerably when you experience the actual outcomes of acting.

P.32 The reflective process that happens during inquiry may lead you to modify your goals, in this case, thinking about possible ways to address your research question that may even lead you to refine or revise it to better match the range of decisions that you have made.

You may not automatically proceed from a choice of design to a choice of methods, instead you may consider choices about your methods that may lead you to revise your earlier choice of design.

P.33 taking these loops of reflection means you may go through several rounds of reconsidering both your research question and your research design before you reach a suitable match.

P.41-42 the pragmatic system leads to two forms of reflection, first is on the nature of the problem and it’s potential solutions, then on the nature of the potential solution and likely actions

P.42 the pragmatist perspective on inquiry is especially useful in tracing the ways that research designs look both ‘upward’ towards research processes and ‘downward’ towards research procedures 

P.42 pragmatist inquiry as a process emphasises reflecting on the fit between potential solutions and likely outcomes. This captures pragmatisms emphasis on decision making- these actions are treated as potential actions that need to be evaluated in terms of their likely consequences. This amounts to asking the basic pragmatist question: what difference would it make to do things one way rather than another. Ultimately you need to be able to justify your choice of research methods and this evaluation can only be done within the context of the research questions those methods are designed to answer.

P.42 in mixed methods research, complex decisions require evaluating, not just the separate strengths of the relevant quant or qual methods, but also the combined strength of them as a set of methods.

P.42 pragmatism treats inquiry as a process in which reflection unites research questions and research methods.

P.43 for Dewey, inquiry in life and research begins with a problem that requires careful reflections, both on the nature of the problem and the range of possible solutions.

The decision making process leads to actions and consequences which need to be evaluated in terms of how well they address the original problem.

P.57 qualitative research, quantitative research and mixed methods all represent different approaches to producing knowledge 

P.58 One of the two challenges faced by using mixed methods research is a requirement for more explicit arguments to convince others that your research goals are indeed worthwhile 

P.59 from a pragmatic perspective, it’s not the differences between the quantitative and qualitative methods that define the research, it’s about how the methods are used

P.63 Mixed methods is not an ‘anything goes’ approach (Hammersley and Atkinson, 1995), it is how to integrate the results of quantitative and qualitative (lots of refs)

P.78 for designs that use sequential contributions, the goal is to use the results from one method to enhance the performance of another. The results from the overall project are then strengthened because the results from one method allow another method to do more than it could on its own. Studies that are motivated by sequential contributions, thus use the strengths of different purposes, which one method contributing to another in a pre-planned fashion.

P.78 more recently, methodological interest has grown in the idea of using one method to increase the capacities of another (Morgan, 1998; Morse, 2003; Sandelowski, 2000).

Studies motivated by sequential contributions use different methods for separate but related purposes.

Pursuing sequential contributions requires an explicit linkage between the studies that make up the overall project.

The goal is what you learn with one method to enhance another.

One method will have direct relevance for how you use another.

P.79 pay careful attention to maximising the likelihood that the results you produce with one method will match the needs of another.

P.81 the point of integration is the dividing point between two methods, where results from one help to define the design and procedures of the next,

P.83 from a pragmatic perspective, the decision about which research methods to use is the action that produces consequences from a line of inquiry.

P.82 an essential element of pragmatic inquiry is the process of reflecting on the connection between decisions and their likely consequences.

P.83 fundamental principle of pragmatism is that the meaning of your beliefs comes from considering the likely outcomes of acting on those beliefs 

P.86 projects that rely on sequential contributions can be just as dependable as complex studies that involve only a single method 

Link practical application of methods to a coherent set of purposes.

Findings from the research- what they mean - what impact that has on the next phase of the research- argue strongly why deploying one method over another would work to answer the research question and contribute to the overall question/aims

P.90 when using a quant>QUAL>QUAL model, studies may rely on a smaller sample of participants that is well designed for the purpose, but would be inadequate for most full scale survey research 

P.93 preliminary quantitative input designs are typically based on the recognition that the qualitative methods will emphasise the in-depth examination of data from fewer participants. This trade-off between breadth and depth of preliminary quantitative method and depth of the core qualitative method is often a key feature in these designs.